What is Assembly Bill 486?

Assembly Bill 486 was introduced to close a technological loophole in California’s existing burglary laws. For decades, Penal Code Section 466 prohibited the possession of physical tools like crowbars, slim jims, and master keys with criminal intent. However, as car thieves moved toward digital methods, the law lagged behind. AB 486 updates the code to include modern electronic devices used to steal vehicles without physical force.

Key Additions to Penal Code § 466

The law now explicitly criminalizes the possession of the following items when held with the intent to break into or steal a vehicle:

• Key Programming Devices: Tools capable of accessing a vehicle’s onboard computer to program new keys, delete existing keys, or start the engine remotely.
• Key Duplicating Devices: Tools that can capture a key’s digital code or signal to gain unauthorized remote access.
• Signal Extenders: Often called “relay boxes” or “amplifiers,” these devices extend the range of a keyless entry fob sitting inside a home, allowing an accomplice near the car to unlock and start it.

Legal Penalties

Under AB 486, the possession of these high-tech tools with intent to commit a crime remains a misdemeanor. Conviction can lead to:

• Up to six months in county jail.
• A fine of up to $1,000.
• Summary (informal) probation for up to three years.

Why the Change was Necessary

Law enforcement agencies across California reported a surge in “contactless” vehicle thefts. Prior to this bill, if a suspect was caught with a signal extender but had not yet touched a vehicle, it was difficult to charge them under Section 466 because the device was not on the “official” list of burglary tools. AB 486 provides the clear legal authority needed to intervene before a theft occurs.

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